Legal Regulation of the Integration of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Technologies in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal regulation of artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the formation of a modern digital legal system. It examines the provisions of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On Artificial Intelligence,” the Law “On Digital Assets,” and the Digital Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, analyzing their conceptual approaches to regulating autonomous algorithmic decision-making, digital assets, and smart contracts. Particular attention is paid to issues of liability allocation in the context of AI system autonomy, the correlation between the immutability of distributed ledger technologies and civil law protection mechanisms, as well as issues of algorithmic transparency and non-discrimination. The study is based on a systemic analysis of national legislation, incorporating international approaches, including OECD principles and the European model of AI regulation. The scientific novelty of the research lies in examining artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies in their technological and legal interconnection, which makes it possible to identify specific features of regulating integrated digital ecosystems. As a result, proposals have been formulated to improve the legal framework, including the introduction of a multi-level liability model, the development of algorithmic auditing, the establishment of “digital restitution” procedures, and insurance mechanisms for risks associated with the operation of autonomous systems.