Digital nomads: problems and prospects of development in Kazakhstan

Abstract

The article explores a topic understudied in legal literature-the problem of digital nomads. Based on the study of foreign literature, the article concludes that the concept of "digital nomads" should be considered in a broad and narrow sense, since understanding only in a narrow sense (only as people moving from one state to another) does not reveal the essence of the content of the latest form of labor in the context of digitalization, which is increasingly becoming unconventional. Based on a broad understanding, all types of non-traditional forms of employment legally regulated in the Kazakh legislation are considered, and the fact is stated that the latest types of employment, such as outsourcing, outstaffing, self-employment, etc., widely used in the country in recent years, are in a "legal vacuum". The advantages and disadvantages of the latest forms of employment using digital technologies are also considered. At the same time, special attention is paid to digital nomads, their differences from digital migrants. Digital nomadism, depending on its mobility, is represented in three levels: limited in movement, moving from time to time, and constantly traveling professionals. It is concluded that in Kazakhstan, the focus is mainly on third-level digital nomads, since it is assumed that professionals will make a worthy contribution to the development of the country's economy, the introduction of new technologies into production, and all the advantages of digitalization.